Unveiling the role of xanthan gum in agriculture: a scientometric exploration of its progress and sustainable potential
Deborah Lizama Boettcher; Débora Bohrer de Lima; Andreia Anschau; Paula Fernandes Montanher; Débora Gonçalves Bortolini; Patricia Manuitt-Brito; Nédia de Castilhos Ghisi; Gustavo Henrique Couto; Maria Giovana Binder Pagnoncelli
Abstract
Agricultural intensification has led to severe environmental impacts, including soil degradation, biodiversity loss, water pollution, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. The intensive use of agrochemicals contributed to a significant ecological imbalance, which encouraged the search for natural and more environmentally safe alternatives. Synthetic compounds, including polymers used in agriculture, are widely applied as physical and chemical modifiers. They acted by improving moisture retention, controlling the release of nutrients, and enhancing the adherence of pesticides to plants. However, these compounds posed environmental challenges. In this context, the transition to natural alternatives becomes essential, A promising option is xanthan gum, a microbial polysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas spp., which improves the flowability of fertilizers and pesticides, increases soil water retention, optimizes seed coating, and contributes to the biological control of pests. Its production from agro-industrial residues reduces environmental impacts and promotes the reuse of by-products. This study conducted a scientometric analysis to investigate the potential of xanthan gum derived from agro-industrial waste in agriculture. Documents were selected based on specific inclusion criteria: only studies addressing xanthan gum in agriculture and sustainability, including its production from agro-industrial residues or its environmental impact, were considered. A double review by the authors ensured the accuracy of the selection. Data was collected from the Web of Science™ database tableusing combinations of keywords related to xanthan gum, sustainability, and agro-industrial waste. Publications from 1995 to 2024, comprising a total of 193 papers, were analyzed to provide a comprehensive overview of the research evolution and the significant expansion in studies on xanthan gum and sustainability in agriculture, spanning nearly three decades. CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel software were used to map trends, authors, and countries that are most productive in the field. Additionally, a complementary patent search was conducted in the Derwent Innovations Index using the keywords xanthan gum and agriculture. After applying refinement and exclusion criteria, 447 patents were selected and analyzed according to year, country, and application area of xanthan gum. The results indicate significant growth in research on agricultural applications of xanthan gum, with notable contributions from Brazil, China, and India. Keyword analysis reveal an evolution in the research focus from production optimization to sustainable applications, such as water recovery and waste utilization. The findings highlight xanthan gum as a viable alternative for making agriculture more productive and sustainable, standing out as an innovative biopolymer for the sector’s future. This growing scientific interest is also reflecte in technological innovations, with China leading the way and other countries presenting complementary profiles tailored to their specific agricultural needs.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
07/11/2025
Accepted date:
10/07/2025
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