Viral diagnosis and effectiveness of shoot tip culture for virus eradication in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) matrices used for hybrid seed production
Elias da Cruz Ribeiro; Emanuel Felipe Medeiros Abreu; Inaê Mariê de Araújo Silva-Cardoso; Andreza Henrique Vidal; Simone da Graça Ribeiro; André Luís Xavier de Souza; Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
Abstract
The passion fruit crop is of significant importance in Brazil. However, fruit production nationwide has been declining due to viral infections. This study aimed to conduct a viral diagnosis and evaluate shoot tip culture for virus eradication in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) matrices used for hybrid seed production. Initially, branches from the CPMSC1, CPGA1, MR1, CPMGA2, and CPF1SSBR genotypes were collected in a greenhouse. RNA and DNA were extracted from the leaves for viral detection using RT-PCR and PCR with primers targeting genomic regions of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), lettuce chlorosis virus (LCV), and begomovirus. For viral diagnosis, it was observed that CABMV was detected in 100% of the samples from all tested matrices. Additionally, CPGA1 (17%) and CPMSC (11%) samples tested positive for begomovirus infection, while none of the samples were positive for LCV. For virus eradication, shoot tips (0.1 - 0.3 mm) with up to two primordial leaves were isolated and inoculated in an MS medium supplemented with 0.05 µM NAA, 0.44 µM BA, and 0.28 µM GA3 to evaluate the effectiveness of shoot tip culture in eliminating CABMV from the previously diagnosed matrices. After shoot tip regeneration, the explants were transferred to an MS medium containing 4.43 µM BA to stimulate bud proliferation and multiplication. Bud clusters obtained from the shoot tip culture were used for CABMV indexing by RT-PCR to confirm whether virus eradication had occurred. Viral eradication was only observed in one sample of the CPGA1 genotype. Subsequently, a multiplication protocol was established to increase the material upon regeneration, and using MS medium supplemented with 4.43 µM BA, shoot development of at least 6 mm was obtained after 30 days of cultivation. The material from the regenerated shoots was then used for subsequent multiplication, elongation, and rooting experiments. It was concluded that the culture of shoot tips is capable of providing virus eradication, although it requires optimization of the steps. Combining complementary techniques, such as thermotherapy, can enhance this eradication. Finally, the regenerated material from in vitro culture was used for the subsequent multiplication, elongation, and rooting experiments.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
02/21/2024
Accepted date:
07/19/2024
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