Rutile/anatase titanium dioxide nanocrystals enhance migration and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts
Loyna Nobile Carvalho, Lucas Correia Peres, Anielle Christine Almeida Silva, Noelio Oliveira Dantas, Letícia de Souza Castro Filice, Vivian Alonso-Goulart
Abstract
Alongside the development of biomaterials on a nanoscale, regenerative medicine is one of the most important areas of the 21st century. The combination of cells and nanomaterials can bring benefits such as tissue regeneration. Titanium dioxide is a well-researched metal that has numerous applications due to its unique properties compared to other metals. In this study, titanium dioxide nanocrystals in the anatase, rutile and brookite phases were synthesized and characterized. Viability, proliferation, and migration assays were performed on MC3T3-E1 cells using TiO2 nanocrystals at different concentrations. The results show that the nanocrystals have high purity and different phases depending on the heat treatment at 650 ºC and 800 ºC. The different phases and concentrations of nanocrystals showed no cytotoxicity to the cells (viability above 70% for every condition) and increased cell proliferation (cell numbers almost tripling on day 4 relatively to day 2), with a focus on rutile/anatase TiO2 at 100 µg/mL (RA100), which increased cell migration compared to the control in almost 15%. These findings suggest that rutile/anatase TiO2; NCs may support bone regeneration by promoting pre-osteoblast proliferation and migration. Further studies on osteogenic differentiation and gene expression are warranted.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
01/17/2025
Accepted date:
07/21/2025
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